Kuwait. Bedoon living in the desert near the border with Iraq. Many Bedoon are descendents of Bedouin tribes who have lived in the region for generations but failed to apply for citizenship when Kuwait became independent in 1961. They cannot get birth certificates or passports and do not have the same right to free education and healthcare enjoyed by Kuwaiti citizens. Barred from most jobs, they largely live in makeshift housing outside the capital, Kuwait city. Nowadays only a few families live permanently in the desert sleeping in traditional tents and caring for animals. The strategy of the Kuwaiti government is simply to push this issue onto other states.